[DebugInfo][WebAssembly] Anchor stack locals to the frame base (#211826)
WebAssembly's stack pointer is not a register that can be described in
DWARF. When a function has no virtual frame base, because its stack
pointer is never explicitly referenced (e.g. a function whose only local
is dead), the frame base falls back to the __stack_pointer global and
the frame register is the physical SP.
addMachineReg failed for that register, so addMachineRegExpression
dropped the base and the caller emitted the frame offset with nothing
under it: a bare DW_OP_plus_uconst that underflows the DWARF stack when
the location is evaluated.
```
DW_AT_frame_base (DW_OP_WASM_location 0x3 0x0, DW_OP_stack_value)
DW_AT_location (DW_OP_plus_uconst 0xc) ;; before
DW_AT_location (DW_OP_fbreg +12) ;; after
```
A frame-relative location does not need the frame register to be
describable on its own, since it is anchored through DW_AT_frame_base
and DW_OP_fbreg. Take the same path already used for a virtual frame
register so a physical one without a DWARF number is handled too.
Assisted-by: Claude
PS: I also updated the frame-base fallback comment in
WebAssemblyFrameLowering: reads now work at the innermost frame, and the
remaining limitation is that the __stack_pointer global does not
describe outer frames.