[CIR][AMDGPU] Add support for AMDGCN exp2 builtins (#198025)
Adds codegen support for the following AMDGCN exp2 builtins:
- __builtin_amdgcn_exp2f (float)
- __builtin_amdgcn_exp2_bf16 (bfloat16)
These are lowered to the corresponding `llvm.amdgcn.exp2` intrinsic.