clang-linker-wrapper: Use AMDGPU::TargetID for device-image compatibility (#209135)
Previously the link compatibilty was based on a raw string match of the
triple + cpu name. Start parsing the triple, and use the compatibility
function. Start using AMDGPU::TargetID from TargetParser, as a step
towards removing clang's redundant TargetID handling.
Co-authored-by: Claude (Opus 4.8)