Reland [VectorUtils] Trivially vectorize ldexp, [l]lround (#152476)
Changes: The original patch, landed as 1336675, was reverted due to a
bug in LoopVectorize resulting in a crash. The bug has now been fixed by
95c32bf ([VPlan] Return invalid cost if any skeleton block has invalid
costs), and this reland is identical to the original patch.