[ASan] Limits the conditions of the deadlock patch (#137127)
PR #131756 introduced a patch to fix a deadlock between LSan and ASan.
The relevant deadlock only occurs when LSan is enabled and
`dl_iterate_phdr` is used for Stop-the-World, i.e., under the condition
`CAN_SANITIZE_LEAKS && (SANITIZER_LINUX || SANITIZER_NETBSD)`.
Therefore, this commit also sets the effective condition of this patch
to the above condition, avoiding unnecessary problems in other
environments, e.g., stack overflow on MSVC/Windows.