Fix nightly WebGPU shader key validation check (#33693)
### Description
<!-- Describe your changes. -->
1. Stage an explicit allowlist for the provider and core test suites and
run each executable in its own pipeline step.
2. Update shader key validation to account for configuration
differences.
3. Disable CodeQL to speed up builds.
### Motivation and Context
<!-- - Why is this change required? What problem does it solve?
- If it fixes an open issue, please link to the issue here. -->
Fix pipeline failures. Rationale for the numbered changes above:
1. There are binskim issues with the unrelated
onnxruntime_telemetry_shutdown_test_library test DLL. We don't need to
run onnxruntime_telemetry_shutdown_test for this check so we can avoid
staging its binaries. Fixing the binskim issues (from disabling
dependency warnings) would be good but it is outside of the scope of
this pipeline check.
2. There was a new shader key validation failure caused by a recently
added unit test that uses a non-default WebGPU context with a different
configuration.
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Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
