[QNN EP] Add platform-agnostic EP option to specify QNN backend, `backend_type` (#24235)
Add a platform-agnostic EP option to specify QNN backend,
`backend_type`. In typical usage, this should supersede the
`backend_path` EP option.
`backend_path` requires specifying a path to the QNN backend library
which is different between Windows and non-Windows platforms (e.g.,
QnnCpu.dll vs. libQnnCpu.so). It will not be removed for backwards
compatibility. It also provides the flexibility to specify an arbitrary
backend path.