Use non-throwing overflow check for coefficients validation
Address review feedback: ORT_TRY/ORT_CATCH is a no-op in
ORT_NO_EXCEPTIONS builds, so SafeInt overflow would abort the process.
Replace with an explicit non-throwing overflow check using
std::numeric_limits that works consistently across all build configs.
Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>