[build] do init and precheck first (#16961)
### Description
This change allows Web CI to do some check as the first step, so that if
there are errors it won't launch the task to build web assembly, which
is heavy.
Checks includes:
- "npm ci" in /js, /js/common and /js/web. this implicitly include:
- typescript compiler in /js
- typescript compiler in /js/common
- webpack build in /js/common
- typescript compiler in /js/web
- ESLint on typescripts
- clang-format formatter (.js, .ts, .cc, .h, .mm)
- Prettier formatter (.json, .jsonc, .md)
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Co-authored-by: Caroline Zhu <carolinezhu@microsoft.com@orttrainingdev7.d32nl1ml4oruzj4qz3bqlggovf.px.internal.cloudapp.net>
