Remove unused cusparse library dependency (#27467)
### Description
`cusparse` was never used in the codebase — only included in a PCH and
referenced by dead helper macros. Removes all traces of it.
- **`cuda_pch.h`**: Remove `#include <cusparse.h>`
- **`shared_inc/cuda_call.h`**: Remove `CUSPARSE_CALL` and
`CUSPARSE_CALL_THROW` macros
- **`cuda_common.h`**: Remove `CUSPARSE_RETURN_IF_ERROR` macro
- **`cmake/CMakeLists.txt`**: Remove `DISABLE_CUSPARSE_DEPRECATED`
compile definition
### Motivation and Context
`cusparse` was pulled in unconditionally but had no actual call sites.
This blocked builds against minimal CUDA installations that don't ship
the full toolkit. Resolves that friction with no functional impact.
<!-- START COPILOT ORIGINAL PROMPT -->
<details>
<summary>Original prompt</summary>
>
> ----
>
> *This section details on the original issue you should resolve*
>
> <issue_title>[Build] Nvidia cusparse library seems to be
unused</issue_title>
> <issue_description>### Describe the issue
>
> **Problem**
> While building onnxruntime, I noticed that the cusparse library seems
to be unused. At least the only usage I could find:
> - An include:
[./onnxruntime/core/providers/cuda/cuda_pch.h](./onnxruntime/core/providers/cuda/cuda_pch.h)
> - Default error handling in
[./onnxruntime/core/providers\cuda/shared_inc/cuda_call.h](./onnxruntime/core/providers\cuda/shared_inc/cuda_call.h)
and
[./onnxruntime/core/providers/cuda/cuda_common.h](./onnxruntime/core/providers/cuda/cuda_common.h).
I could not find any usages of the macros `CUSPARSE_CALL` and
`CUSPARSE_RETURN_IF_ERROR`
>
> In case cusparse is not used, it might be better to remove the
dependency to that library.
>
> **Motivation**
> While building onnxruntime with a minimal CUDA build (the full CUDA
toolkit being not installed), I noticed the usages of these libraries.
When I remove them, onnxruntime still builds fine. Removing the usage in
the first place would make it easier to build onnxruntime with a custom
minimal CUDA build.
>
> Of course, if you want to keep the helper functions for easier future
re-use, I can completely understand and we can just close this issue in
that case. If you think removing the dependency to cusparse would be
good, I could make a PR.
>
> ### Urgency
>
> No urgency.
>
> ### Target platform
>
> Any
>
> ### Build script
>
> Custom
>
> ### Error / output
>
> None
>
> ### Visual Studio Version
>
> _No response_
>
> ### GCC / Compiler Version
>
> _No response_</issue_description>
>
> <agent_instructions>Please remove cusparse and related
code.</agent_instructions>
>
> ## Comments on the Issue (you are @copilot in this section)
>
> <comments>
> </comments>
>
</details>
<!-- START COPILOT CODING AGENT SUFFIX -->
- Fixes microsoft/onnxruntime#27443
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Co-authored-by: tianleiwu <30328909+tianleiwu@users.noreply.github.com>
