Fix ability to use patch on Windows CI machines (#18356)
### Description
<!-- Describe your changes. -->
Add 32-bit patch binary and infra to fallback to it. The Azure devops
Windows CIs are missing patch.exe from their git install for some reason
so the default `find_package(Patch)` fails as that is where it expects
to find it.
Remove Eigen patch. Underlying issue was fixed in source 3 years ago by
https://gitlab.com/libeigen/eigen/-/commit/c6c84ed9611cafd0acf89e467b050d9e94bec686
and the patch command is invalid (args are for git apply not patch).
### Motivation and Context
<!-- - Why is this change required? What problem does it solve?
- If it fixes an open issue, please link to the issue here. -->
Make usage of patch consistent across all CIs
Fix https://github.com/microsoft/onnxruntime/issues/15248
