[EP ABI] Check if nodes specified in GetCapability() have already been assigned (#26156)
### Description
Fixes segfault in `PluginExecutionProvider::GetCapability()` when the
underlying `OrtEp` tries to claim nodes that have already been assigned
to another EP.
### Motivation and Context
Should log a warning (instead of crashing or throwing an exception) when
a plugin EP tries to claim a node that is already assigned to another
EP.
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Co-authored-by: Edward Chen <18449977+edgchen1@users.noreply.github.com>