update test case for test_convtranspose_autopad_same (#24477)
### Description
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It looks like the test case `test_convtranspose_autopad_same` in ONNX
opset14(v1.9) is generated incorrectly:
https://github.com/onnx/onnx/pull/3440
The problem is already fixed in opset15+(v1.10).
So, this PR fixes 2 problems:
- disable the test case for opset14 in onnxruntime-web tests ( still run
the same test for opset15 and opset17 )
- re-enable the test case by removing if from "current_failing_tests" in
onnxruntime\test\testdata\onnx_backend_test_series_filters.jsonc (which
should have been done when upgrading to onnx v1.10)
### Motivation and Context
<!-- - Why is this change required? What problem does it solve?
- If it fixes an open issue, please link to the issue here. -->