[TensorRT EP] Refactor TRT version update logic & apply TRT 10.5 (#22483)
### Description
<!-- Describe your changes. -->
* Leverage template `common-variables.yml` and reduce usage of hardcoded
trt_version
https://github.com/microsoft/onnxruntime/blob/8391b24447fcca4c01599b3270255fbf76ac8a21/tools/ci_build/github/azure-pipelines/templates/common-variables.yml#L2-L7
* Among all CI yamls, this PR reduces usage of hardcoding trt_version
from 40 to 6, by importing trt_version from `common-variables.yml`
* Apply TRT 10.5 and re-enable control flow op test
### Motivation and Context
<!-- - Why is this change required? What problem does it solve?
- If it fixes an open issue, please link to the issue here. -->
- Reduce usage of hardcoding trt_version among all CI ymls
### Next refactor PR
will work on reducing usage of hardcoding trt_version among
`.dockerfile`, `.bat` and remaining 2 yml files
(download_win_gpu_library.yml & set-winenv.yml, which are step-template
yaml that can't import variables)