[WebGPU] Replace subgroup matrix config indices with values (#32784)
### Description
Replace the global subgroup-matrix configuration table and integer
indices
with complete configuration values supplied by each operation. The
selector
matches preferences against cached Dawn adapter properties and returns
the
first supported configuration by value.
MatMul, Gemm, and MatMulNBits carry the selected configuration directly
and
include its component types, dimensions, and subgroup size in program
cache
keys. Existing kernel preferences, eligibility checks, and WGSL shaders
are
preserved.
### Motivation and Context
The global table couples operation-specific metadata, such as whether
input
prepacking is needed, to shared integer indices. Complete values let
each
operation describe its implemented configurations locally and extend its
preferences without editing a global table.
This change builds on #32700.
### Validation
Windows x64 Release; AMD Radeon RX 9070 XT; driver 32.0.31007.2064;
D3D12; Agility SDK 1.721.3-preview:
- Built `onnxruntime_provider_test` and `onnxruntime`.
- All five targeted tests passed, with zero skips:
`SubgroupMatrixConfigTest.*`, `MatMulNBits.Float16_4b_Accuracy4`,
`MatMulNBits.Float16_8b_AccuracyLevel4`, and
`MathOpTest.MatMulSubgroupMatrix`.
- Shader dumps confirmed the existing wave32 MatMulNBits path.
- Formatting and `git diff --check` passed.