[webgpu] allows atomic type for output (#24610)
### Description
This PR adds support for atomic types for program output. Applying
atomic type on program output can be done in the following way:
```c++
program.AddOutput({output_tensor, ProgramTensorMetadataDependency::TypeAndRank, ProgramOutput::Atomic});
```
The last
```
The support for atomic type is minimal. According to [spec](https://www.w3.org/TR/WGSL/#atomic-types), the only valid operations on atomic objects are the [atomic builtin functions](https://www.w3.org/TR/WGSL/#atomic-builtin-functions). This means atomic types cannot be accessed (get/set) using the normal way. Get* and Set* functions will not be working on atomic types for indices helper. Use the WGSL builtin functions directly. OffsetToIndices and IndicesToOffset functions still work.
