gh-35554: Laurent polynomial/series modularization fixes
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### :books: Description
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We remove several obstacles to modularization:
- `sage.data_structures.stream` importing from `sage.combinat.sf`
- eager module-level imports in `sage.rings.bigoh`, importing
`LaurentSeries`, `PuiseuxSeries`, padics.
- `LaurentSeriesRing._element_constructor_` unconditionally importing
`sage.libs.pari.all` just for an `isinstance` test
- import of `factorial` from `sage.functions` (only the version from
`sage.arith` is needed)
- multivariate implementation of Laurent polynomials (with compile-time
dependency on `sage.matrix`) mixed with the univariate implementation
Also adding `# optional` tags for the doctests that depend on
`sage.rings.finite_rings`, `sage.symbolic`.
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Part of:
- #29705
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### :hourglass: Dependencies
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URL: https://github.com/sagemath/sage/pull/35554
Reported by: Matthias Köppe
Reviewer(s): Kwankyu Lee, Matthias Köppe
