gh-36934: details fixed in cfinite_sequence.py
fixing a few details in C-finite sequences
main change : use `Parent` (new coercion framework) instead of `Ring`
### :memo: Checklist
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- [x] The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
URL: https://github.com/sagemath/sage/pull/36934
Reported by: Frédéric Chapoton
Reviewer(s): Matthias Köppe