gh-37998: Update conda-lock files, rename macOS conda-lock files to match CI Conda, remove unexplained duplicate lock files
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The renaming is done so that the fix here can take effect on PR runs via
the "CI Fix" mechanism (as changes to the workflow files themselves
cannot take effect).
- Moreover, making arm64 the default platform for macOS makes sense
because all new macOS machines use this platform.
And update by running `.github/workflows/conda-lock-update.py` for all
architectures.
- Workflow matrix variables now contain `-latest`, to add tests for the
macOS x86_64 platform (runner name: `macos-13`)
- Removes some unexplained duplications (both `arm` and `arm64` files
for macOS, both `aarch` and `aarch64` for Linux)
- Fixes #37997
Author: @mkoeppe, @gmou3
### :memo: Checklist
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- [ ] I have updated the documentation and checked the documentation
preview.
### :hourglass: Dependencies
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- Depends on #38033 (split out from here)
- Depends on #38034 (split out from here)
- Depends on #38222 (merged here)
URL: https://github.com/sagemath/sage/pull/37998
Reported by: Matthias Köppe
Reviewer(s): Kwankyu Lee
