gh-35985: More improvements for braid groups involving permutations, and a 2-generator presentation
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This PR is a continuation of #35214.
- Given an element of a symmetric group, the associated permutation
braid can be constructed, added in `_element_constructor`.
- The method `_standard_lift_Tietze` has been simplified (for a
permutation) and now it gives a shortest word for the lift but not
necesarily the smallest for the lexicographic order. The former code has
been commented.
- The method `presentation2gens` provides a presentation of the braid
group with two generators. The general method `epimorphism` has been
adapted to braid groups using this presentation and it is much faster.
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### :hourglass: Dependencies
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URL: https://github.com/sagemath/sage/pull/35985
Reported by: Enrique Manuel Artal Bartolo
Reviewer(s): Enrique Manuel Artal Bartolo, Travis Scrimshaw
