gh-35354: Add a few operations from linear symplectic geometry
### :books: Description
- Add trace of a `(0,2)`-tensor with respect to the symplectic form (or
metric)
- Add extension of the symplectic form to a bilinear form on `p`-forms
- Fix hodge star for symplectic manifolds (was off by a minus sign for
odd-degree forms)
- Add option for hodge star to add an additional factor of `(-1)^s` with
`s` being the number of negative eigenvalues of the metric, that is,
```latex
\alpha \wedge \star \beta = (-1)^s g(\alpha, \beta) vol_g
```
### :memo: Checklist
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- [x] The description explains in detail what this PR is about.
- [ ] I have linked a relevant issue or discussion.
- [x] I have created tests covering the changes.
- [x] I have updated the documentation accordingly.
### :hourglass: Dependencies
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URL: https://github.com/sagemath/sage/pull/35354
Reported by: Tobias Diez
Reviewer(s): Eric Gourgoulhon, Matthias Köppe, Tobias Diez
