[NPU] protopipe: add missing headers for GCC 15 (#30403)
### Details:
- *The [`<cstdint>`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/header/cstdint)
C++ header needs to be explicitly included when building with GCC 15 for
using fixed width integer types. For details, see the [porting to GCC 15
documentation](https://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-15/porting_to.html#cxx).*
### Tickets:
- *No tickets currently exists reporting a build error in the protopipe
component when using GCC 15*
Co-authored-by: Pawel Raasz <pawel.raasz@intel.com>
