Fix type inference in pattern matching by positional argument (#13618)
Oh, this was very interesting.
During the debug sessions I learned a lot about how pattern matching and
its analysis do work.
But, the problem was that `expand_type` did not preserve
`.last_known_value` for some reason.
I used `.copy_modified` to preserve everything we know about `Instance`.
However, I expect that some tests might fail now. This code even has
something similar in `TODO` some lines above:
https://github.com/python/mypy/blob/88aed94ae3de2542491f6cd65d1236c4f0cdedb1/mypy/expandtype.py#L144-L148
Let's see what will happen.
Closes https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/13612