[compiled autograd] add dynamo segfault test (#122004)
To catch issues like https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/121862 in CI. This passes because we reverted the PRs, and https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/121870 confirms that this test can catch it
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/122004
Approved by: https://github.com/eellison
