[fx][pass infra] Adding error catching (#83933)
Example:
```
======================================================================
ERROR: test_pass_manager_error (fx.test_pass_infra.TestPassManager)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/angelayi/Projects/pytorch/torch/fx/passes/infra/pass_manager.py", line 285, in __call__
res = fn(module)
File "/Users/angelayi/Projects/pytorch/test/fx/test_pass_infra.py", line 164, in pass_fail
raise RuntimeError("bad")
RuntimeError: bad
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/angelayi/Projects/pytorch/test/fx/test_pass_infra.py", line 170, in test_pass_manager_error
pm(traced_m)
File "/Users/angelayi/Projects/pytorch/torch/fx/passes/infra/pass_manager.py", line 289, in __call__
raise RuntimeError(msg) from e
RuntimeError: An error occured when running the 'pass_fail' pass after the following passes: ['replace_add_with_mul_pass', 'replace_mul_with_div_pass']
```
Fixes #ISSUE_NUMBER
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/83933
Approved by: https://github.com/SherlockNoMad
