[ONNX] Add runtime type checking to `export` (#83673)
This PR adds an internal wrapper on the [beartype](https://github.com/beartype/beartype) library to perform runtime type checking in `torch.onnx`. It uses beartype when it is found in the environment and is reduced to a no-op when beartype is not found.
Setting the env var `TORCH_ONNX_EXPERIMENTAL_RUNTIME_TYPE_CHECK=ERRORS` will turn on the feature. setting `TORCH_ONNX_EXPERIMENTAL_RUNTIME_TYPE_CHECK=DISABLED` will disable all checks. When not set and `beartype` is installed, a warning message is emitted.
Now when users call an api with invalid arguments e.g.
```python
torch.onnx.export(conv, y, path, export_params=True, training=False)
# traning should take TrainingModel, not bool
```
they get
```
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "bisect_m1_error.py", line 63, in <module>
main()
File "bisect_m1_error.py", line 59, in main
reveal_error()
File "bisect_m1_error.py", line 32, in reveal_error
torch.onnx.export(conv, y, cpu_model_path, export_params=True, training=False)
File "<@beartype(torch.onnx.utils.export) at 0x1281f5a60>", line 136, in export
File "pytorch/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/beartype/_decor/_error/errormain.py", line 301, in raise_pep_call_exception
raise exception_cls( # type: ignore[misc]
beartype.roar.BeartypeCallHintParamViolation: @beartyped export() parameter training=False violates type hint <class 'torch._C._onnx.TrainingMode'>, as False not instance of <protocol "torch._C._onnx.TrainingMode">.
```
when `TORCH_ONNX_EXPERIMENTAL_RUNTIME_TYPE_CHECK` is not set and `beartype` is installed, a warning message is emitted.
```
>>> torch.onnx.export("foo", "bar", "f")
<stdin>:1: CallHintViolationWarning: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/justinchu/dev/pytorch/torch/onnx/_internal/_beartype.py", line 54, in _coerce_beartype_exceptions_to_warnings
return beartyped(*args, **kwargs)
File "<@beartype(torch.onnx.utils.export) at 0x7f1d4ab35280>", line 39, in export
File "/home/justinchu/anaconda3/envs/pytorch/lib/python3.9/site-packages/beartype/_decor/_error/errormain.py", line 301, in raise_pep_call_exception
raise exception_cls( # type: ignore[misc]
beartype.roar.BeartypeCallHintParamViolation: @beartyped export() parameter model='foo' violates type hint typing.Union[torch.nn.modules.module.Module, torch.jit._script.ScriptModule, torch.jit.ScriptFunction], as 'foo' not <protocol "torch.jit.ScriptFunction">, <protocol "torch.nn.modules.module.Module">, or <protocol "torch.jit._script.ScriptModule">.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/home/justinchu/dev/pytorch/torch/onnx/_internal/_beartype.py", line 63, in _coerce_beartype_exceptions_to_warnings
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/justinchu/dev/pytorch/torch/onnx/utils.py", line 482, in export
_export(
File "/home/justinchu/dev/pytorch/torch/onnx/utils.py", line 1422, in _export
with exporter_context(model, training, verbose):
File "/home/justinchu/anaconda3/envs/pytorch/lib/python3.9/contextlib.py", line 119, in __enter__
return next(self.gen)
File "/home/justinchu/dev/pytorch/torch/onnx/utils.py", line 177, in exporter_context
with select_model_mode_for_export(
File "/home/justinchu/anaconda3/envs/pytorch/lib/python3.9/contextlib.py", line 119, in __enter__
return next(self.gen)
File "/home/justinchu/dev/pytorch/torch/onnx/utils.py", line 95, in select_model_mode_for_export
originally_training = model.training
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'training'
```
We see the error is caught right when the type mismatch happens, improving from what otherwise would become `AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'training'`
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/83673
Approved by: https://github.com/BowenBao