Replace throw std::runtime_error with torch_check in torch/csrc/distributed (#59683)
Summary:
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/59683
Replaces usages of throw std::runtime_error("foo") with the better
torch_check(false, "foo") which allows C++ stacktraces to show up when
TORCH_SHOW_CPP_STACKTRACES=1. This will hopefully provide much better debugging
information when debugging crashes/flaky tests.
ghstack-source-id: 131167210
Test Plan: CI
Reviewed By: cbalioglu
Differential Revision: D28981327
fbshipit-source-id: 677f569e28600263cab18759eb1b282e0391aa7b
