[Reland] aot autograd explicitly errors on double backward (#92893)
This reverts commit fb980581a7b41a5ea570fcb03829463b806b3bbc.
Testing: `python benchmarks/dynamo/timm_models.py --float32 --training --only=mobilevit_s --performance --inductor --disable-cudagraphs`
```
main: memory: eager: 12.30 GB, dynamo: 12.28 GB, ratio: 1.00
+ #90896 reverted: memory: eager: 12.30 GB, dynamo: 8.81 GB, ratio: 1.40
+ this PR: memory: eager: 12.30 GB, dynamo: 8.81 GB, ratio: 1.40
```
For comparison, if we apply old version of this PR instead:
```
main:
+ #90896 reverted: memory: eager: 12.30 GB, dynamo: 8.81 GB, ratio: 1.40
+ old version of this PR memory: eager: 12.30 GB, dynamo: 10.36 GB, ratio: 1.19
```
Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/pull/92893
Approved by: https://github.com/bdhirsh
