[AutoDiff] [SR-14218] Correctly propagate tangent vectors of inout parameters from functions with multiple basic blocks (#37861)
* Attempt at a patch for SR-14053 and SR-14218, based on Dan Zheng's initial fix.
* Incorporated Dan's cleanup suggestions.
* Converting a bool SmallVector to a SmallBitVector.
* Testing if Windows issues with this test are due to runtime support.
* Simplifying test case.