[AutoDiff] [stdlib] Switch to '@differentiating' as much as possible. (#23193)
* [AutoDiff] [stdlib] Switch to '@differentiating' as much as possible.
`@differentiable(vjp: ...)` will be deprecated as soon as we support parameter selection and generic constraints with retroactive derivative registration (`@differentiating(...)`).
* Add `@differentiating` attributes to floating-point operations.
* Update derivative names for stdlib operators in tests.