RequirementMachine: Fix various RewriteSteps to work when re-contextualized
When a rewrite rule is replaced with a path containing ::Adjust, ::Decompose,
::ConcreteConformance or ::SuperclassConformance rewrite steps, the steps
will get a non-zero EndOffset if the original rule appears in a step with a
non-zero EndOffset.
For this reason, these steps must work with a non-zero EndOffset, which
primarily means computing correct offsets into the term being manipulated.