[android] fix path and cmake local build target tracking for posix_filesystem.apinotes
This apinote file needs to be accessible in the locally built Android SDK as it's being built with build.ps1, so that swift-foundation can be built with that file present. This change ensures that the file is copied over into the local build directory for that Android SDK, in addition to being included in the installed component
This change also places the component into lib/swift/apinotes, as that's where the clang importer already looks for API notes
(cherry-picked from c03627014e25e357f1d554e3d4c4d6d34bf39ce6)