[Statement checker] Always wire up case vars with bindSwitchCasePatternVars
bindSwitchCasePatternVars() was introduced as a simpler way to wire up
the "parent" links for case variables with same-named case variables
from the previous case item, and is used in the function builders code
to handle switch statements. It duplicated some logic from the
statement checker that did the same thing using a more complicated
algorithm.
Switch (ha ha) the logic in the statement checker over to using
bindSwitchCasePatternVars(), fixing a bug involving unresolved
patterns along the way, and remove the old code that incrementally
wired up the parent links. The resulting code is simpler and is
unified across the various code paths.