[AutoDiff] Define derivative for concrete SIMD.init(repeating:) (#81864)
The PR #81766 introduced some concrete SIMD operations, but
`init(repeating:)` was temporarily disabled due to differentiation
testing break. See:
https://github.com/stephentyrone/swift/commit/7a006190652a4f28ec88f2601dcd1100441c6b37
This PR contains two changes:
1. Define custom derivatives for concrete `init(repeating:)` so we do
not fall into non-differentiability error diagnostic.
2. Add a fix to SIL linker so differentiability witness lookup is done
when the original function has both `@_alwaysEmitIntoClient` and
`@_transparent`. Similar changes were introduced previously in #78908,
but they only handled `@_alwaysEmitIntoClient` without `@_transparent`.
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