Simplify turbo-tasks-backend guards and execution contexts (#99599)
### What?
Simplify the task guard and execution context abstractions in
`turbo-tasks-backend`, including the companion child context used for
parallel work.
Followup from #99249
### Why?
Each trait has a single implementation, with no alternate
implementations or mocks using the abstraction. The trait layer adds
duplicate declarations, associated types, and generic plumbing without
providing a useful extension point today. This is a simplicity refactor,
not a performance optimization.
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Co-authored-by: vercel-fleet-prod[bot] <318278635+vercel-fleet-prod[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Luke Sandberg <210140+lukesandberg@users.noreply.github.com>