refactor: Deduplicate sccache env vars in turborepo-test.yml (#11581)
## Summary
Moves sccache configuration from 5 identical step-level `env:` blocks to
3 job-level `env:` blocks.
**Before:** Same 11-line sccache config repeated at each cargo step
**After:** Config defined once per job, inherited by all steps
No behavior change - just cleaner YAML and easier maintenance.
Part of the ongoing CI/CD cleanup effort.