[ty] Todo-types for `os.fdopen`, `NamedTemporaryFile`, and `Path.open` (#20549)
## Summary
This applies the trick that we use for `builtins.open` to similar
functions that have the same problem. The reason is that the problem
would otherwise become even more pronounced once we add understanding of
the implicit type of `self` parameters, because then something like
`(base_path / "test.bin").open("rb")` also leads to a wrong return type
and can result in false positives.
## Test Plan
New Markdown tests