feat(linear_algebra/projective_space/basic): The projectivization of a vector space. (#12438)
This provides the initial definitions for the projective space associated to a vector space.
Future work:
- Linear subspaces of projective spaces, connection with subspaces of the vector space, etc.
- The incidence geometry structure of a projective space.
- The fundamental theorem of projective geometry.
I will tag this PR as RFC for now. If you see something missing from this *initial* PR, please let me know!