[WebAssembly] Remove `__c_longjmp` from compiler-rt (#185798)
This is similar to #185770 where it removes an
exception-handling-related symbol from `compiler-rt` in favor of having
definitions elsewhere. The compiler-rt library is linked into all shared
objects, for example, which can result in duplicate definitions of a
symbol where this tag wants to have one unique definition. The intention
behind this commit is to defer the definition of this symbol to
downstream libraries, such as the definition of `longjmp` itself. An
example of this is WebAssembly/wasi-libc#772 where the responsibility of
defining this symbol now lies with wasi-libc.